Lesson 9
Phaàn B:  Chuù Thích  (Notes on Patterns)

B 1
When it is clear from context or the time phrase whether the time stated is past or not, the time phrase may come before or after the rest of the sentence:
Toâi phaûi ñi ngaân haøng baây giôø.
I have to go to the bank now.
Toâi phaûi ñeán anh Nam toái nay.
I have to go to Nam's tonight.
Sometimes when present or future time is spoken at the end of the sentence, there is some emphasis on the time.
B 2
Note that these two charts have two-verb sentences, the first verb stating a mode.

Person

coù

Mode

Activity

or Not?
Chò
"
"
"
"

 

 coù
"
"
"
"		 phaûi
muoán
caàn
thích
ñònh

 

   ñi beänh vieän
mua baùo
möôïn moät baûn ñoà thaønh phoá
aên nem Saøigoøn
thueâ moät chieác xe maùy		 khoâng?
"
"
"
"

Person

Mode

  Activity

Complement
Toâi
"
"
"
"

 

 phaûi
muoán
caàn
thích
ñònh

 

 ñi beänh vieän Mai Hoa
mua moät tôø baùo.
möôïn moät baûn ñoà Ñaø Laït.
aên nem Saøigoøn
thueâ moät chieác xe maùy

 

 baây giôø.


ôû hieäu Queâ Vieät.
toái mai.
Töø vöïng Vocabulary
tôø Classifier for sheets of paper, newspapers
möôïn to borrow
baûn ñoà map
thích to like to
nem raùng/nem Saøigoøn (No.) Southern chaû gioø
ñònh to intend to
xe (gaén) maùy motorbike
B 3
These are two-verb sentences of a different sort.  The second verb follows a complete sentence and states the purpose of the action expressed in that sentence.  The use of 'in order to' is optional.
Hear the Whole Drill
Person

to

  Place

  to

   Do what
Anh
"
"
"
"
 ñi
"
"
"
"
 böu ñieän
thö vieän
chôï
phoá
Ha-oai

 

 (ñeå)
"
"
"
"		 laøm gì?
"
"
"
"

Person

Go

  Place

to

Activity
Toâi
"
"
"
"

 

 ñi
"
"
"
"

 

 böu ñieän
thö vieän
chôï
phoá
Ha-oai

 

 (ñeå)
"
"
"
"		 göûi thö.
nghieân cöùu.
mua ñoà aên.
mua (ít) ñoà.
chôi thoâi.
Töø vöïng Vocabulary
göûi (No.), gôûi (So.) to send
thö (No.), thô (So.) letter
ñoà aên food
mua ít ñoà to buy a few things
Ha-oai Hawaii
B 4
Hear the Whole Drill 

Person

  Activity

  When

Question Word
Anh
Chò
Caùc oâng
Caùc anh

 

 ñi phoá
veà nhaø khaùch
aên côm
gaëp anh Vinh		 baây giôø
chieàu nay
roài
roài		 haû?
aø?
aï?
phaûi khoâng?

 
Affirmative answers :
Daï vaâng.
Vaâng (aï).
ÖØ.
Töø vöïng Vocabulary
....a? (A little more polite than...aø?)
....aï. Yes, I'm hearing you.  (Polite)
ÖØ  Yes, yeah (I hear you).  (Familiar)
B 5
Note:
We cannot say (ñi) ñeán nhaø anh aáy baèng boä.  Ñi boä is a single expression for 'walk, go by foot' so is said only in order shown in the second group and without baèng.  So the above statement should be said as ñi boä ñeán nhaø anh aáy.
   Person

Go

Action

Place

by What means
Anh
"
"
"
"
"		 (ñi)
"
"
"
"
"

 

 laïi
ñeán
veà
sang
qua
tôùi

 

 thö vieän
tröôøng
Hueà
UÙc
Myõ
Maõ-lai		 baèng gì?
"
"
"
"
"

Person

Go

Action

Place

by

 Means
Toâi
"
"
"
"
"

 

 (ñi)
"
"
"
"
"		 laïi
ñeán
veà
sang
qua
tôùi

 

 thö vieän
tröôøng
Hueá
UÙc
Myõ
Maõ-Lai		 baèng
"
"
"
"
"		 xe ñaïp.
xe buyùt.
xe ñoø.
taøu thuûy.
maùy bay.
thuyeàn.

Person

Go

by

  Means

Action

Place
Coâ
______

Toâi
"
"
"
"
"

 

 ñi
______

ñi
"
"
"
"
"

 baèng
______


baèng
"
"
"
"

 gì
______

ñi boä
xe buyùt
xe ñoø
taøu thuûy
maùy bay
thuyeàn

 ñeán
______

ñeán
ñeán
veà
sang
qua
tôùi

 nhaø anh aáy?
__________

nhaø anh aáy.
tröôøng.
Hueá.
UÙc.
Myõ.
Maõ-lai
Töø vöïng Vocabulary
sang to go across to
qua to go across to
tôùi to arrive at, reach
Maõ-lai Malaysia
xe ñoø interurban bus/coach
taøu thuûy ship, steamer
maùy machine
maùy bay airplane
thuyeàn boat, junk, sampan
xe (oâ-toâ) buyùt bus, city bus
B 6
Hear the Whole Drill

Sentence

Therefore

Sentence
ÔÛ nhaø khoâng coù baùo
Toâi muoán mua ñoà aên
Toâi caàn möôïn saùch
Toâi thích aên chaû gioø
Toâi khoâng coù xe hôi
Toâi khoâng thích laïnh

 

neân
"
"
"
"
"

 em phaûi ñi thö vieän ñoïc.
toâi ñi chôï baây giôø.
toâi phaûi ñi thö vieän.
toâi ñi tieäm aên Vieâït nam.
toâi phaûi ñi xe löûa.
toâi gheùt muøa ñoâng.

 
Töø vöïng Vocabulary
xe löûa train
gheùt to hate
muøa season
muøa ñoâng winter season
muøa xuaân spring season
muøa heø/muøa haï summer season
muøa thu autumn season
muøa möa rainy season
B 7
Questions:

Person

Is it that

Know

  Question

or not?
Chò
"
"
"
"
"		 coù
"
"
"
"
"		 bieát
"
"
"
"
"		 nhaø khaùch ôû ñaâu
con gaùi chò muoán hoïc gì
anh Laâm laøm gì
baø Mary laø ngöôøi nöôùc naøo
bao giôø chò Anna veà nhaø khaùch
ai thích ñi xem phim Indochine

 

khoâng?
Affirmative answers:

Yes

  Answer

Coù/Bieát.
"
"

 

   Nhaø khaùch ôû gaàn tröôøng Luaät.
Chaùu muoán hoïc laøm baùc só.
Baø aáy laø ngöôøi Canada.
Negative answers:

No

Answer
Khoâng (bieát).
"
"		   Toâi khoâng bieát anh aáy laøm gì?
Toâi khoâng bieát bao giôø chò aáy veà.
Toâi khoâng bieát ai thích ñi.

 

Back to top