Lesson 3 Grammar

Lesson 3
Phaàn B - Part B
Chuù thích - Notes on Patterns and Grammar
B 1 - Immediate Activity Questions

Questions like the ones in Dialog A 1 are often used as greetings. They refer to what a person is doing at the moment, as shown here. (the words ñaáy and ñoù are interchangeable).

Anh ñi ñaâu ñaáy?	Where are you going now?
Anh laøm gì ñaáy?	What are you doing there?
Anh hoïc gì ñoù?	What are you studying there?

Not

What are you studying this year?

What are you studying there (at that school)?

*Person*	*Action*	*Question words*	*There*
Anh	ñi	ñaâu	ñoù?
Caùc chò	laøm	gì	ñaáy?
Caùc anh	hoïc	gì	ñaáy?

*Person*	*Action*	*Place / Object*
Toâi	ñi	thö vieän.
Chuùng toâi	ñeán	böu ñieän.
"	vaøo	hieäu aên.
"	vaøo	sôÛ laøm.
"	vaøo	caâu laïc boä.
Coâ aáy	laøm	baøi Boán.
Chuùng toâi	hoïc	baøi Hai.

TöØ vöïng	Vocabulary
(ñi) vaøo	to enter
thö vieän	library
böu ñieän	post office
hieäu (northern dialect)
	shop, store
tieäm (southern dialect)
hieäu aên (no.)	restaurant
tieäm aên (so.)	restaurant
sôÛ (laøm)	office where one works
caâu laïc boäï	social club
baøi	written work, lesson, text

There are some place words with which ñi 'to go' is not used by itself. These place words are more comfortable with ñeán 'to arrive at' or with ñi ñeán.

*Person*	*to Go*	*Place*
Toâi	ñi ñeán	tröôøng.
Toâi	ñi ñeán	ñoù.
Toâi	ñi ñeán	nhaø chò Mai

TöØ vöïng	*Vocabulary*
nhaø	house
Toâi ñi ñeán tröôØng.	I'm going to the school.
Toâi (ñi) ñeán (nhaø) chò Mai.	I'm going to Mai's (place/ house).

Example:

Question:

Baây giôØ baø ñi böu ñieän, phaûi khoâng?

Answer:

Vaâng, toâi ñi ñeán ñoù.

*Question:*	*Cue:*
Caùc anh ñi ñaâu ñaáy?	Phan Chu Trinh School

Answer:

Chuùng toâi (ñi) ñeán tröôØng Phan Chu Trinh.

*Question:*	*Cue:*
Chò ñi ñaâu ñoù?	Nga's place/house

Answer:

Toâi (ñi) ñeán nhaø chò/ coâ Nga.

B 2

Go Do Something

Notice in the sentence

Chuùng toâi ñi hoïc.

We're going to school.

that ñi is not followed by a place, such as

ñi Haø Noäi, ñi thö vieän

go to Hanoi, go to library

It is followed by an activity. This is very common in Vietnamese language. Compare these English and Vietnamese sentences, stating what one is doing as an occupation. (Note that the same phrases can refer to immediate activity, as in the sentence above.)

I go to school	Toâi ñi hoïc. (I go study.)
I work.	Toâi ñi laøm.

Example:

Question A:

Cue: hoïc

Hai chò ñi ñaâu ñoù?

Answer:

Chuùng toâi ñi hoïc.	(We're going to school.)
*Question B:*	Cue: hoïc

Baây giôØ hai chò laøm gì?

Chuùng toâi ñi hoïc.	[We go to school. (We're students)]
*Question C*	*Cue:* vieân chöÙc

Baây giôØ anh laøm gì?

Toâi ñi laøm. Toâi laø vieân chöÙc.

TöØ vöïng	Vocabulary
vieân chöÙc (no. dialect)	public servant
coâng chöÙc (so. dialect)	"

B2.1
Hear the Whole Drill

*Person*	Go	*Activity*
Toâi	ñi	laøm.
Chuùng toâi	"	hoïc.
Chò aáy	"	chôi.
Anh aáy " "	ñi " "	xem phim. thaêm baïn thaêm chò Hai.
Anh aáy " "	ñi " "	aên côm. aên côm Taøu. aên phôÛ.

Anh aáy
"
"
"

ñi
"
"
"

uoáng
"
"
"

nöôùc
bia
caø-pheâ.
(nöôcÙ) cheø.

TöØ vöïng	*Vocabulary*
chôi	to enjoy leisure time
xem	to look at
xem phim	to see a movie
thaêm	to visit
baïn	friend
thaêm baïn	to visit a friend
aên	to eat
aên côm	to eat a meal (rice)
Taøu	Chinese (Colloquial)
côm Taøu	Chinese food
phôÛ	Vietnamese rice noodle soup
uoáng	to drink
nöôÙc	water, liquid
bia	beer
caø-pheâ	coffee
cheø (no.), traø (so.)	tea

B 2.2
Hear the Whole Drill

*Person*	*go (to)*	*Place*	*Activity*
Chò aáy	ñi	Haø Noäi	thaêm baïn.
Chuùng toâi	ñi (ñeán)	caâu laïc boä	chôi.
Anh Thi	ñi (ñeán)	caâu laïc boä	uoáng bia
Hai coâ aáy	ñi (ñeán)	cafeù Lisa	uoáng caø-pheâ.
Chuùng toâi	ñi ñeán	nhaø coâ Nga	aên côm Vieät.

B 3
Hear the Whole Drill

*Question:*
*Person*	Do	*What / Which subject*
Anh	laøm	gì?
Caùc anh	laøm	gì?
Baø aáy	laøm	gì?
Anh Huøng	laøm	gì?

*Answer:*
*Person*	Do	*Occupation*
Toâi	laøm	giaùo vieân .
Chuùng toâi	laø	luaät sö .
Baø aáy	laø	baùc só.
Anh aáy	laø	caûnh saùt .
Baø Mai	laø	thöông gia.
Anh Maïnh	laø	thôï ñieän.

*Person*	Action	*What / Which subject*
Chò	hoïc	gì?
Caùc coâ	daïy	moân naøo?
Chò aáy	daïy	moân naøo?

Answer:
Person	Action	*Topic*
Toâi	hoïc	tieáng Vieät.
Chuùng toâi Chò aáy " " " " " " " " "	daïy " " " " " " " " " "	tieáng Anh. tieáng Taây-ban-nha. ngoân ngöõ hoïc. lòch söÛ. luaät. kinh teá. thöông maïi. chính trò (hoïc). nhaân loaïi hoïc. y khoa. ngaønh khoa hoïc.

TöØ vöïng	Vocabulary
moân	study
Taây-ban-nha	Spain, Spanish *
ngoân ngöõ hoïc	linguistics
lòch söÛ	history
luaät	law
kinh teá	economics
thöông maïi	commerce
chính trò	politics, political science
nhaân loaïi hoïc	anthropology
y khoa	medecine
ngaønh khoa hoïc	science
* Tieáng Meã is used coloquially for the Spanish spoken by Mexicans.

B 4
The use of the question word aø following a statement implies that the speaker expects confirmation, affirmative or negative, of the statement.
Hear the Whole Drill

*Statement*			*eh?*
*Person*	*Action at*	*Place*
Anh Caùc em Chò Hoa Caùc chò	laøm ôÛ hoïc ôÛ soáng ôÛ aên ôÛ	ñoù tröôØng Boâng Sen Nha Trang Red Hill	aø? " " "
*Person*	*Action*	*Topic*	eh?
Anh Thaày Coâ Chò aáy	hoïc daïy " "	tieáng Vieät kinh teá thöông maïi lòch söÛ	aø? " " "
Person	Do / Be	Occupation	eh?
Coâ Caùc coâ OÂng Caùc oâng	laøm laø '' ''	baùc só luaät sö y taù giaùo sö	aø? " " "
*Person*	Go	*Place / Activity*	*eh?*
Baø Caùc baø Anh Caùc anh	ñi " " "	Ñaølaït hieäu aên aên phôÛ roài xem phim Saøigoøn	aø? " " "

Affirnative answers:
*Yes*	*Person*	*Activity*
Vaâng, " " " " "	chò aáy toâi toâi chuùng toâi toâi chuùng toâi	soáng ôÛ Nha Trang. hoïc tieáng Vieät. daïy kinh teá. laøm giaùo sö. ñi aên phôÛ roài. ñi xem phim ñoù.

B 5
Hear the Whole Drill

Negative answers:
*Person*	*Not*	*Action*	*Place / Object*
Toâi Chuùng toâi Caùc coâ aáy Thaày Huy Chuùng toâi Hai coâ aáy Baø aáy Chuùng toâi Chò Höông Caùc anh aáy	khoâng " " " " " " " " "	ñi veà ñeán sinh aên laøm laøm hoïc aên uoáng	Meã-taây-cô*. Ñaø Naüng. nhaø toâi. ôÛ mieàn Nam. ôÛ hieäu aên ñoù. ôÛ Boä Y teá. baùc só. ngoân ngöõ hoïc. côm Taøu. traø.

* Meã-taây-cô Mexico