Lesson 13
Phaàn B -  Chuù thích - Notes on Patterns
B 1
You have learned question words in questions asking for information:
Hear the Whole Drill
Anh ñònh ñi ñaâu?
Where do you intend to go?
Chò muoán aên gì?
What do you want to eat?
If you use a negative with a question word, either to ask a question for a yes or no answer or to make a negative statement, the question word becomes general, that is, non-specific:
Anh coù ñònh ñi ñaâu khoâng?
Do you intend to go anywhere?
Toâi khoâng ñònh ñi ñaâu caû.
I haven't planned to go anywhere.
Toâi ñònh khoâng ñi ñaâu caû.
I intend not to go anywhere.
Study the following sentences:
Person coù Action Question word or Not
Anh
Chò
Coâ
Baø
Coâ aáy
Chò Taâm
OÂng aáy

 

(coù)
"
"
"
"
"
"
ñònh ñi
muoán aên
caàn hoûi
daêïn
veà
hoûi
gaêïp
ñaâu



ñaâu
ai
ai
khoâng?
"
"
"
"
"
"
Person Not (yet) Action Question word At all
Toâi
Toâi
Toâi
Toâi
Coâ aáy
Chò aáy
OÂng aáy
chöa
khoâng
khoâng
khoâng
chöa
khoâng
chöa

 

ñònh ñi
muoán aên
caàn hoûi
daêïn
veà
hoûi
gaêïp
ñaâu



ñaâu
ai
ai
caû.
"
"
"
"
"
"
Chò aáy coù hoûi ai khoâng?
Did she ask for anybody?

B 2
Sometimes if there are two verbs, the time phrase can come after the first verb and before the second verb when the time applies to the action of the second verb.
Time       Person Mode / Action   Action
Maáy giôØ
Bao giôØ
Hoâm naøo

 

chò
anh
coâ aáy
ñònh
muoán
heïn
ñi?
laøm?
ñeán?

 

Person Mode / Action Time Action
Chò  

Anh 

Coâ aáy 

ñònh

muoán

heïn

maáy giôØ

bao giôØ

hoâm naøo

ñi?

laøm?

ñeán?


B 3
Person Action Together Place with Person
Toâi cuøng
"
"
"
"
"
laøm
laøm
hoïc
ôÛ
veà
ñi

 

cuøng
"
"
"
"
"
choã
vaên phoøng
khoa
khaùch saïn
xe
ñöôØng
vôÙi
"
"
"
"
"
anh aáy.
oâng aáy.
chò aáy.
anh Bình.
baø Cuùc.
anh Laâm.
TöØ vöïng Vocabulary
khoa faculty
khaùch saïn hotel

B 4
Person Will   Not Action Complement
Toâi
"
"
"
"
"
"
seõ
"
"
"
"
"
"
khoâng
"
"
"
"
"
"
ñi
ñi boä
ñi
ñi du lòch
laøm thuû tuïc
hoïc ñaïi hoïc
veà Haø Noäi
ñöôïc.
ñöôïc.
toái nay.
naêm nay.
tuaàn naøy.
sang naêm.
vôÙi anh aáy.

B 5
Hear the Whole Drill
Person Let Person Action
----
.
.
.
.
.

Toâi
"
"

 

Ñeå
"
"
"
"
_____

ñeå
"
"

toâi
toâi
toâi
coâ aáy
chò aáy
______

anh
coâ Xuaân
anh

 

xem..
veà vaên phoøng.
hoûi .
laøm giaáy tôØ.
giaêït quaàn aùo.
__________

noùi chuyeän vôÙi coâ aáy.
giaûng baøi.
ñöa chò aáy veà.

TöØ vöïng Vocabulary
ñöa Person veà/ñi to take person home/somewhere

B 6
In studying about môÙi in Lesson 7, you learned that the time phrase follows the verb, the expression refers to immediate past.  When the time phrase precedes the verb, there is implied an ' only then' restriction, whether the action occurs in the past or in the future:
môÙi Verb + time phrase = just did Verb
time phrase +
môÙi Verb = only then do Verb
In this lesson, 'only then' between two actions is used to indicate that the first action or state is a condition for the second action or state, as shown in these sentences.

 

Necessary condition Only then Outcome
Thö vieän môÛ cöÛa
Toâi phaûi ñi Vieät Nam nghieân cöÙu
Haõy ñi xem phim aáy
Coù con
Anh taäp noùi chuyeän nhieàu
Toâi vieát xong baøi naøy

 

môÙi
"
"
"
"
"
möïôn ñöôïc saùch.
vieát ñöôïc luaän aùn.
bieát phim coù hay hay khoâng?
bieát coâng lao cha meï.
gioûi tieáng Vieät.
goïi ñieâïn thoaïi anh aáy.
TöØ vöïng Vocabulary
luaän aùn dissertation, thesis
hay khoâng or not
coâng lao labor, work
Verb xong to finish verb

 

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