Table 1. The Consonant System

 

  Labial Apical Laminal Dorsal Glottal
Fortis Oral Consonants Stops, voiceless p t ch k  
Stops, voiced (preglottalized) b d      
Lenis Oral Consonants Voiceless ph th x kh h
Voiced v l z g  
Nasals m n nh ng  

 

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Symbol

Rough English Equivalent

Examples

spkr1.gif (932 bytes)b

 bad ba - three
biết - know
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)c scald cá- fish
cũng - likewise
tic độcv - poisonous
học - study
khác - difference
khác- ink
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)ch chop (starting with ch) chè - tea
chọn - choose
chop (ending with ch) cách - manner
ích - useful
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)d zone dùng - to use
azure da - skin
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)đ done đá - stone
đi - go
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)gh gone đáng ghi nhớ - note worthy
ghi - to record
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)g same as gh bằng gỗ - made of wood
gỗ - wood
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)gi zebra ǵn - keep
giêng - January
ǵ - what(ever)
gia - increase or add
giầu - rich
giờ - hour
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)h hat hồ - lake
hát - sing
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)k sketch kia - over there
kén - choose
kêu - call
kỳ - to sign
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)kh (bach) không - not
khỉ - monkey
khát - be thirsty
khu - region
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)l lot lá - leaf
lúa - rice growing
lim - ironwood
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)m mat mạnh - strong
mua - buy
him t́m - to search
cam - orange
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)n not nầy - this
nữa - in addition
in in - print
nên - therefore
bán - sell
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)ngh singer (same as ngh) nghi - suspect
nghe - listen
nghề - profession
ngựa - horse
ngon - tasty
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)ng ending ng đúng - correct
ong - bee
ông - grandfather
vàng - gold
nhưng - but
nặng - heavy
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)gh guillotine ghi - to register
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)nh onion (starting nh) nhà - house
(ending nh) lính - soldier
mạnh - strong
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)p top kịp - on time
tập - practice
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)ph photo phá - destroy
phúc - happiness
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)qu square quê - rural area
qua - cross over
spkr1.gif (932 bytes) r zebra ra - go out
rồi - already done
spkr1.gif (932 bytes) s sun sữa - milk
sẽ - future indication for verb
sao - star
sinh - be born
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)t stop tôi - I
tư - fourth
tây - west
hat (ending t) mát - cool
mệt - tired
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)th Thomas thôi - stop
tháng - month
th́ - then
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)tr chop trễ - late
trang - page
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)v van và - and
về - return
vua - king
spkr1.gif (932 bytes)x sun xa - far
xe - vehicle
xưa - in former times

 

Contents prepared by Dan Dan Tu
Designed by Hieu Nguyen
Audio by Trung Van Vo