ANO ANG INALMUSAL MO

JUANA:	Ano ang inaalmusal mo?
JULIA:	Ako? Kape lang.
JUANA:	Hindi ka ba ginugutom? Masama 'yong hindi nag-aalmusal.
JULIA:	Sa Pilipinas, sa oras ng 'break', kumakain ako sa kapeterya ng kakanin, tsaa o kape kaya. Minsan lugaw at goto pa nga. Pero dito, wala akong panahon. Nagkakape at 'doughnut' lang ako sa aking mesa.
JUANA:	Hindi puwede sa amin ang hindi mag-aalmusal nang husto. Iba-iba pa nga ang gusto ng mga alaga ko. Ang mga bata, gusto ng 'cereal', 'bacon', pritong itlog at 'toast'. Ang asawa ko naman, ipinagsasangag ko at ipinagpiprito ng daing. Ako, gusto ko rin ng sinangag pero nakakataba. Umiinom na lang ako ng 'tomato' o 'orange juice' at kumakain ng kapirasong 'toast' at piniritong bolognia o salami kaya.
JULIA:	Para ka palang 'short order cook'. E anong oras ka gumigising?
JUANA:	Maagang-maaga nga. Pero sanay na ako. Hindi ba sa atin sa Pilipinas alas kuwatro pa lang ng umaga, gising na tayo?
JULIA:	Oo, pero natuto na akong magtamad-tamaran dito. Malapit lang ako kasi sa aking opisina kaya pwede akong umalis ng tangha-tanghali.

WORDS
inaalmusal	to have for breakfast
almusal	breakfast (from Spanish almozar, to have breakfast or lunch)
kakanin	native Philippine snack food (such as suman, glutinous rice with coconut cream wrapped in banana or palm leaves; or puto, white rice cake often eaten with grated coconut)
lugaw at goto	rice soup with tripe
alaga	a person, animal, or thing being taken care of (in this case Juana's family)
pritong itlog	fried egg
ipinagsasangag	to cook fried rice for someone
daing	salted or dried fish
tangha-tanghali	a little late

Many Filipinos living in the US cannot get used to American-style breakfast. They continue to prefer to have the heavy Philippine breakfast consisting of sinangag, 'fried rice', with fish or meat, which are usually leftovers from the previous night's dinner.

- Noel M. Morada

A. Mag- -an + reduplication of the adjective base means to 'pretend to be.'

Example:

tamad (lazy) ==> magtamad-tamaran, to
pretend to be lazy

Note the change in d to r when between vowel sounds.

There is a shift in the stress mark to the next syllable if the root is accented on the first syllable. -Han is used after the last root ending in a vowel sound.

Example:

loko (crazy) ==> magloko-lokohan

B. Adjectives express moderate degree of quality when the first two syllables of the root are reduplicated.

Example:

tanghali (late) ==> tangha-tanghali, a little
                                 late
maganda (beautiful) ==> maganda-ganda,
                                 somewhat beautiful


Most adjectives that do not take the ma- prefix cannot be reduplicated. Instead, to express the moderative degree, medyo, 'semi-' or 'half' is used before the adjective.

Example:

payat (thin) ==> medyo payat, somewhat thin

As an alternate form, medyo can be used with the adjectives to express the moderative degree of quality.

Example:

medyo maganda ==> somewhat beautiful

C. Ipag- is a benefactive focus affix. It indicates that the
topic/subject is the beneficiary of the action.

There are two forms of benefactive focus affix: i- and ipag- .

Um- actor focus affixes are often changed to i- and mag- verbs to ipag- .

The different aspects of ipag- verbs are as follows:

Neutral: ipag-luto

Completed: ip-in-ag-luto

Incompleted: ip-in-ag-luluto

Contemplated: ipag-lu-luto

A. Fill in the blanks with the correct construction to
match the gloss.

1. to pretend to be rich (yaman) _____________.

2. to pretend to be poor (hirap) _____________.

3. to pretend to be dead (patay) ____________.

4. to pretend to be sick (sakit) _____________.

5. to pretend to be asleep (tulog) ___________.

6. to pretend as a mother (nanay) ___________.

7. to play house (bahay) ________________.

8. to play cooking (luto) _______________.

9. to play teacher (titser) _______________.

10. to pretend to know (dunong) ___________.

B. Make the following adjectives express moderative
degree of quality:

1. mataas ____________ somewhat tall

2. mataba _____________somewhat fat

3. maluwang ____________somewhat wide

4. mahirap ____________somewhat difficult

5. mapait ____________somewhat bitter

6. matamis ___________somewhat sweet

7. maasim ___________somewhat sour

8. malakas __________ somewhat strong

9. malambot ___________somewhat soft

10. matigas ____________ somewhat hard

C. Construct the different aspects of the following ipag-
verbs.

Neutral Completed Incompleted Contemplated

ipagsangag ________ _________ __________

ipagprito ________ _________ __________

ipaghain ________ _________ __________

ipaghanda ________ _________ __________

ipag-adobo _________ __________ ___________