1. kO&On djvow 'before' is a connector word.

djvog9qhkwxF [vd0hvpw	kO&On ca@w pay, bO^Ok khO^y dE&E Before you go, be sure to tell me.
]k;wxg,nv']k;djvogIqkw	la#aw pay my#aG la#aw kO&On ha#w He went to Laos before us.

When kO&On djvow comes at the end of the phrase it means 'first'.

wx[hkodjvoF c]h;wxdyog0qhkw

pay ba@an kO&On, lE#Ew pay kin kha^w Go home first, then go eat.

2. la%G-ca^ak s^a'9kdw is a connecting word.  

s^a'9kd]k;,kF ,j;os^kpw	la%G-ca^ak la#aw ma#a, mu&an la%ay After he came, it was lots of fun.
]k;,ks^a'9kd 4 3,'w	la#aw ma#a la%G-ca^ak si&i mo#oG He came after 4 o'clock.

3. tOOn 8vow is used as a connecting word meaning 'while'.

8vog9qhk16sAowfhr=hvhkpg9qhk[=w

tOOn ca@w ju&u ha^n da@y phO@O ca@w bOO While you were there, did you meet your brother? (older brother)

4. taam 8k,w 'to follow' has other meanings when combined with some words.  It may mean 'around, throughout, according to'. Sometime it is better left untranslated. 

8k,me,tfkw	taam tha#mmadaa	usually, normally
8k,[hkoovdw	taam ba@an-nO@Ok	out in the village, up-country
8k,]k;g;Qkw	taam la#aw wa@w	according to what he says.....

5. wa#a s;jk wis question word final particle.  It expresses surprise. 

g9qhk[+wxs;jkw	ca@w bO&O pay wa#a	Oh, aren't you going?
g9qhklywx8bdxks;jkw	ca@w bO&O pay ty#k paa wa#a	Oh, you are going fishing?

6. ha^y .shw also means 'to, for' (for the benefit of). 

]k;gotoe.sh0hvpw

la#aw ne&-na#m ha^y khO^y

He introduced it to me.

7. sy&y sy&y -nj -nj wmeans 'that's all, just, only'.

g9qhkgIafspa'16jsAow	ca@w he&t Na%G ju&u ha^n	What are you doing there?
[+gIafspa'F s^yho-nj -njw	bO&O he&t Na%G, li@n sy&y sy&y	Nothing, just playing.
]k;[+,ks;jkw	la#aw bO&O ma#a wa#a	Oh, isn't he coming?
,kF ,k-hk-nj Cw	ma#a, ma#a sa@a sy&y sy&y	Yes,  he'll be late.  That's all.

8. kaan dkow means 'affairs' as in:

dkomtskow

kaan-thaha%an

military affairs

kaan dkow is also used with verbs.

dko]hP'lafw	kaan-li@aG-sa#t	animal-raising
dkovvd]6dw	kaan-O^Ok-lu@uk	child-bearing

9. na@m oew is used with khO&Op-cay 'to thank', especially at formal occasions.

0=0v[.9oepkr+g9qhkw	khO%O khO^Op-cay Na#a-phO&O ca@w please thank your father for me.
0hkohvp1kd0=0v[.9   oemjkog9qhkc0;'	khanO@Oy ja^ak khO%O khO^Op-cay na#m tha&an ca@w -khE%EG I would like to thank to the governor. (tha&an means 'honorable' in this case, not 'you'.)