Grammar Notes 22
  1. pay wxClick to Listenwand ma#a ,kClick to Listenw commonly occur as secndary verbs of direction with pha#a rk so&G lqj'FClick to Listenw aw gvqkClick to Listenw and other verbs.   As with pharse such as khi&i Na%G ma#a 0juspa',kClick to Listenw 'how did you get here?' the pay wx and ma#a ,k  indicates action going away from or coming toward the speaker.  

In addition to pay wxClick to Listenwand ma#a ,k,Click to Listenw khy^n 0bhoClick to Listenw   and lo#G ]q'Click to Listenw     may also be used as secondary verbs of direction meaning 'up' and 'down'.

  gvqk0bhowxClick to Listenw aw khy^n pay take it up
  gvqk]q',kClick to Listenw aw lo#G ma#a bring it down
  1. kO&O d= was used in Lesson 10 meaning 'also'.  kO&O d= Click to Listenw is also a connecting word used to place events in a time order.  Used this way, it means  'then'.  kO&O d=  follows the subject of the second sentence.  kO&O d= usually unstressed.  The vowel is then shortened. 
  lqj'Va'lnc]h;d=wxshv'dkoClick to Listenw so&G na%Gsy%y lE@Ew kO&O pay
After I mail the letter, I am going to the office.
  1. ha%a skClick to Listenw  'to look for' may also mean 'to, toward'. 
  ]k;lqj'Va'lnwxskg9qhkClick to Listenw la#aw so&G na%Gsy%y pay ha%a ca@w
He sent a letter to you.

 

  1. na#m oeClick to Listenw 'with'   often occurs with  fa^ak /kdClick to Listenw 'to send'. 
  0=/kdVa'lnoeg9qhk wxsk|6j Click to Listenw khO%O fa^ak na%Gsy%y na#m ca@w pay ha%a mu&u
May I send a letter with you to my friend?
  1. Note how the meaning of pha%y .zClick to Listenw differs in the following sentences. 
  g9qhkr=h.zClick to Listenw ca@w phO@O pha%y Who did you meet?
  g9qhkr=h.z[=Click to Listenw ca@w phO@O pha%y bOO Did you meet anyone?

Compare this note with grammar note 5 in Lesson 18, and 5(1) in Lesson 19.  This pattern is used with other question words.

  wxwlClick to Listenw pay sa%y Where are you going?
  lywxwl[=Click to Listenw si pay sa%y bOO Are you going anywhere?

Note the meaning of the following sentences.

  wxg[yj'-ygofu[=Click to Listenw pay bA&G sine@e dii bOO How about going to a movie?
  wxwlfuClick to Listenw pay sa%y dii Where's a good place to go?
   
Lao Language Learning contains Lao and IPA Fonts.   To view Lao and IPA characters on this website,  please download:
Lao New Light Font
IPA Font
Lao Phonemic
     

SEAsite Laos | Overview | History | Art & Culture | Language | Literature

Maps | Gallery | Folklore | Other Topics | Links | SEAsite

               

2003 SEAsite Laos. Lao Language
Last Modified: