A. Future
Tense:
1.
Affirmative Sentence
The structure
of future tense in Khmer language is similar to English. The auxiliary (nwg
) is used in front of the main verb in a sentence. The structure of
the simple future tense is:
| Subject |
+ |
Auxiliary
(nwg) |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
|
Example:
|
Affirmative
Sentence |
| Subject |
+ |
(nwg) |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
|
| eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
emIl
kun |
|
| We |
|
will |
|
go |
|
to
see a movies |
|
| eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
elg
|Buk rbs'eyIg |
|
| We |
|
will |
|
go |
|
to
visit his father |
|
| xj7? |
|
nwg |
|
eron |
|
PasaExMr |
|
| I |
|
will |
|
study |
|
Khmer |
|
| Kat' |
|
nwg |
|
mkdl' |
|
P6?eBBaj |
|
| He |
|
will |
|
arrive |
|
in
Phnom Penh |
|
| BYkeK |
|
nwg |
|
cUlcit5 |
|
Gahar
ExMr |
|
| They |
|
will |
|
like |
|
Khmer
food |
|
|
2. Negative
Sentence
For negative
sentences in the simple future tense, we insert "min"
between the auxiliary verb and main verb and particle "eT
" at the end that sentence.
| Subject |
+ |
Auxiliary
(nwg) |
+ |
min |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
+ |
eT |
|
Example:
|
Negative
Sentence |
| Subject |
+ |
(nwg) |
+ |
not |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
+ |
eT |
| eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
min |
|
eTA |
|
emIl
kun |
|
eT |
| We |
|
will |
|
not |
|
go |
|
to
see a movies |
|
|
| eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
min |
|
eTA |
|
elg
|Buk rbs'eyIg |
|
eT |
| We |
|
will |
|
not |
|
go |
|
to
visit his father |
|
|
| xj7? |
|
nwg |
|
min |
|
eron |
|
PasaExMr |
|
eT |
| I |
|
will |
|
not |
|
study |
|
Khmer |
|
|
| Kat' |
|
nwg |
|
min |
|
mkdl' |
|
P6?eBBaj |
|
eT |
| He |
|
will |
|
not |
|
arrive |
|
in
Phnom Penh |
|
|
| BYkeK |
|
nwg |
|
min |
|
cUlcit5 |
|
Gahar
ExMr |
|
eT |
| They |
|
will |
|
not |
|
like |
|
Khmer
food |
|
|
|
3. Interrogative
Sentence
For question
sentence the simple future tense, we insert "etI
" at the beginning of the sentence and particle "EmneT
" at the end of sentence.
|
etI |
+ |
Subject |
+ |
Auxiliary
(nwg) |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
+ |
EmneT
/ |
|
Example:
|
Negative
Sentence |
| etI |
+ |
Subject |
+ |
(nwg) |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
+ |
EmneT
/ |
| etI |
|
eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
emIl
kun |
|
EmneT
/ |
| will |
|
We |
|
|
|
go |
|
to
see a movies |
|
|
| etI |
|
eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
elg
|Buk rbs'eyIg |
|
EmneT
/ |
| will |
|
We |
|
|
|
go |
|
to
visit his father |
|
|
| etI |
|
nag |
|
nwg |
|
eron |
|
PasaExMr |
|
EmneT
/ |
| will |
|
I |
|
|
|
study |
|
Khmer |
|
|
| etI |
|
Kat' |
|
nwg |
|
mkdl' |
|
P6?eBBaj |
|
EmneT
/ |
| will |
|
He |
|
|
|
arrive |
|
in
Phnom Penh |
|
|
| etI |
|
BYkeK |
|
nwg |
|
cUlcit5 |
|
Gahar
ExMr |
|
EmneT
/ |
| will |
|
They |
|
|
|
like |
|
Khmer
food |
|
|
|
Note:
The auxiliary
verb (nwg
) has the same pronunciation to the conjunction and preposition (nig
) but the spelling of these two words are different. The vowel (
w ) is used
for the auxiliary (nwg
) and vowel ( i
) is used for the conjunction and preposition.
B. Adverb
of Time for Future Tense
Adverb of time
is very important in Khmer future tense, it provides precise information about
future. Adverb of time uses for future includes:
|
Adverb
of Time |
| eBleRkay |
Next time |
|
;f9eRkay |
Next time (One
day) |
|
| ;f9Es:k |
Tomorrow |
|
ExeRkay |
Next month |
|
| ;f9xanEs:k |
The day after
tomorrow |
|
q6a?eRkay |
Next year |
|
Khmer adverb of
time is usually found at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.
Example: Adverb of time is
used at the beginning of a sentence.
|
Affirmative
Sentence |
| Adverb
of Time |
+ |
Subject |
+ |
(nwg) |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
|
| ;f9Es:k |
|
eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
emIl
kun |
|
|
|
We |
|
will |
|
go |
|
to
see a movies |
|
| ExeRkay |
|
eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
elg
|Buk rbs'eyIg |
|
|
|
We |
|
will |
|
go |
|
to
visit his father |
|
| q6a?eRkay |
|
xj7? |
|
nwg |
|
eron |
|
PasaExMr |
|
|
|
I |
|
will |
|
study |
|
Khmer |
|
| ;f9xanEs:k |
|
Kat' |
|
nwg |
|
mkdl' |
|
P6?eBBaj |
|
|
|
He |
|
will |
|
arrive |
|
in
Phnom Penh |
|
| ;f9eRkay |
|
BYkeK |
|
nwg |
|
cUlcit5 |
|
Gahar
ExMr |
|
|
|
They |
|
will |
|
like |
|
Khmer
food |
|
|
Example: Adverb of time is
used at the end of a sentence.
|
Affirmative
Sentence |
|
Subject |
+ |
(nwg) |
+ |
Main
Verb |
+ |
Object |
+ |
Adverb
of Time |
|
|
eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
emIl
kun |
|
;f9Es:k |
|
|
We |
|
will |
|
go |
|
to
see a movies |
|
|
|
|
eyIg |
|
nwg |
|
eTA |
|
elg
|Buk rbs'eyIg |
|
ExeRkay |
|
|
We |
|
will |
|
go |
|
to
visit his father |
|
|
|
|
xj7? |
|
nwg |
|
eron |
|
PasaExMr |
|
q6a?eRkay |
|
|
I |
|
will |
|
study |
|
Khmer |
|
|
|
|
Kat' |
|
nwg |
|
mkdl' |
|
P6?eBBaj |
|
;f9xanEs:k |
|
|
He |
|
will |
|
arrive |
|
in
Phnom Penh |
|
|
|
|
BYkeK |
|
nwg |
|
cUlcit5 |
|
Gahar
ExMr |
|
;f9eRkay |
|
|
They |
|
will |
|
like |
|
Khmer
food |
|
|
|
|
