khmer future tense 5

A.	Future Tense:
	1.	Affirmative sentence
	2.	Negative sentence
	3.	Interrogative sentence
B.	Adverb of Time
C.	Present Tense with Connecting Verb (KW ) with Adjective
	1.	Affirmative sentence with Connecting Verb (KW )
			Note: Affirmative sentence with Connecting Verb (KW )
	2.	Negative sentence with Connecting Verb (KW )
			Note: Negative sentence with Connecting Verb (KW )
	3.	Interrogative sentence with Connecting Verb (KW )
			Note: Negative sentence with Connecting Verb (KW )

A. Future Tense:

1. Affirmative Sentence

The structure of future tense in Khmer language is similar to English. The auxiliary (nwg ) is used in front of the main verb in a sentence. The structure of the simple future tense is:

Subject

Auxiliary (nwg)

Main Verb

Object

Example:

Affirmative Sentence

Subject	+	(nwg)	+	Main Verb	+	Object
eyIg		nwg		eTA		emIl kun
We		will		go		to see a movies
eyIg		nwg		eTA		elg \|Buk rbs'eyIg
We		will		go		to visit his father
xj7?		nwg		eron		PasaExMr
I		will		study		Khmer
Kat'		nwg		mkdl'		P6?eBBaj
He		will		arrive		in Phnom Penh
BYkeK		nwg		cUlcit5		Gahar ExMr
They		will		like		Khmer food

2. Negative Sentence

For negative sentences in the simple future tense, we insert "min" between the auxiliary verb and main verb and particle "eT " at the end that sentence.

Subject

Auxiliary (nwg)

min

Main Verb

Object

Example:

Negative Sentence

Subject	+	(nwg)	+	not	+	Main Verb	+	Object	+	eT
eyIg		nwg		min		eTA		emIl kun		eT
We		will		not		go		to see a movies
eyIg		nwg		min		eTA		elg \|Buk rbs'eyIg		eT
We		will		not		go		to visit his father
xj7?		nwg		min		eron		PasaExMr		eT
I		will		not		study		Khmer
Kat'		nwg		min		mkdl'		P6?eBBaj		eT
He		will		not		arrive		in Phnom Penh
BYkeK		nwg		min		cUlcit5		Gahar ExMr		eT
They		will		not		like		Khmer food

3. Interrogative Sentence

For question sentence the simple future tense, we insert "etI " at the beginning of the sentence and particle "EmneT " at the end of sentence.

etI

Subject

Auxiliary (nwg)

Main Verb

Object

EmneT /

Example:

Negative Sentence

etI	+	Subject	+	(nwg)	+	Main Verb	+	Object	+	EmneT /
etI		eyIg		nwg		eTA		emIl kun		EmneT /
will		We				go		to see a movies
etI		eyIg		nwg		eTA		elg \|Buk rbs'eyIg		EmneT /
will		We				go		to visit his father
etI		nag		nwg		eron		PasaExMr		EmneT /
will		I				study		Khmer
etI		Kat'		nwg		mkdl'		P6?eBBaj		EmneT /
will		He				arrive		in Phnom Penh
etI		BYkeK		nwg		cUlcit5		Gahar ExMr		EmneT /
will		They				like		Khmer food

Note:

The auxiliary verb (nwg ) has the same pronunciation to the conjunction and preposition (nig ) but the spelling of these two words are different. The vowel ( w ) is used for the auxiliary (nwg ) and vowel ( i ) is used for the conjunction and preposition.

B. Adverb of Time for Future Tense

Adverb of time is very important in Khmer future tense, it provides precise information about future. Adverb of time uses for future includes:

Adverb of Time
eBleRkay	Next time	;f9eRkay	Next time (One day)
;f9Es:k	Tomorrow	ExeRkay	Next month
;f9xanEs:k	The day after tomorrow	q6a?eRkay	Next year

Khmer adverb of time is usually found at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.

Example: Adverb of time is used at the beginning of a sentence.

Affirmative Sentence

Adverb of Time	+	Subject	+	(nwg)	+	Main Verb	+	Object
;f9Es:k		eyIg		nwg		eTA		emIl kun
		We		will		go		to see a movies
ExeRkay		eyIg		nwg		eTA		elg \|Buk rbs'eyIg
		We		will		go		to visit his father
q6a?eRkay		xj7?		nwg		eron		PasaExMr
		I		will		study		Khmer
;f9xanEs:k		Kat'		nwg		mkdl'		P6?eBBaj
		He		will		arrive		in Phnom Penh
;f9eRkay		BYkeK		nwg		cUlcit5		Gahar ExMr
		They		will		like		Khmer food

Example: Adverb of time is used at the end of a sentence.

Affirmative Sentence

Subject	+	(nwg)	+	Main Verb	+	Object	+	Adverb of Time
eyIg		nwg		eTA		emIl kun		;f9Es:k
We		will		go		to see a movies
eyIg		nwg		eTA		elg \|Buk rbs'eyIg		ExeRkay
We		will		go		to visit his father
xj7?		nwg		eron		PasaExMr		q6a?eRkay
I		will		study		Khmer
Kat'		nwg		mkdl'		P6?eBBaj		;f9xanEs:k
He		will		arrive		in Phnom Penh
BYkeK		nwg		cUlcit5		Gahar ExMr		;f9eRkay
They		will		like		Khmer food

C. Present Tense with Connecting Verb (KW ) + Adjective

1. Affirmative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective)

The meaning of connecting verb (KW ) is (be, is) as in the sentence below:

Subject

Connecting verb (KW )

Adjective

Adverb of Degree (Optional )

Example:

Affirmative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective)

Subject	+	(KW )	+	Adjective	+	Adverb of Degree (Optional)
RBwkenH		KW		RtCak'		Nas'
This morning		is		cold		very
;f9enH		KW		ek5A		Nas'
Today		is		hot		very
Kat'		KW		cit5l:		Nas'
He		is		kind		very
nag		KW		s:at		Nas'
She		is		beautiful		very
BYkeK		KW		q,at		Nas'
They		are		clever		very
xj?7		KW		Tab		Nas'
I		am		short		very

Note:

	The position of Adverb of Degree (Nas' ) is proceeding after an adjective.
	The connecting verb (KW ) is not very important in the sentence, it can be dropped in the affirmative sentence and the sentence still carries the same meaning in both spoken or written form.

Example:

Affirmative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective)

Subject	+		+	Adjective	+	Adverb of Degree (Optional)
RBwkenH				RtCak'		Nas'
This morning		is		very cold
;f9enH				ek5A		Nas'
Today		is		hot		very
Kat'				cit5l:		Nas'
He		is		kind		very
nag				s:at		Nas'
She		is		beautiful		very
BYkeK				q,at		Nas'
They		are		clever		very
xj?7				Tab		Nas'
I		am		short		very

2. Negative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective)

The negative sentence of simple sentence, with connecting verb (KW ), is form by inserting the negative word ( min ) after the connecting verb (KW ) and add particle (eT ) at the end of that sentence. Particle (eT ) can be deleted from the negative sentence, but it doesn't sound natural.

Subject

Connecting verb (KW )

min

Adjective

Example:

Negative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective) + eT

Subject	+	(KW )	+	( min )	Adjective	+	Particle (eT )
RBwkenH		KW		min	RtCak'		eT
This morning		is			cold
;f9enH		KW		min	ek5A		eT
Today		is			hot
Kat'		KW		min	cit5l:		eT
He		is			kind
nag		KW		min	s:at		eT
She		is			beautiful
BYkeK		KW		min	q,at		eT
They		are			clever
xj?7		KW		min	Tab		eT
I		am			short

Note:

The connecting verb (KW ) is not very important in the negative sentence, it can be dropped and it still carries the same meaning in both spoken or written form.

Example:

Negative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective) + eT

Subject	+	( min )	Adjective	+	Particle (eT )
RBwkenH		min	RtCak'		eT
This morning	is	not	cold
;f9enH		min	ek5A		eT
Today	is	not	hot
Kat'		min	cit5l:		eT
He	is	not	kind
nag		min	s:at		eT
She	is	not	beautiful
BYkeK		min	q,at		eT
They	are	not	clever
xj?7		min	Tab		eT
I	am	not	short

3. Interrogative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective)

The Interrogative clause, with connecting verb (KW ), is form by adding particle (etI ) at the beginning of the clause and follows by ( b/eT ) at the end of the clause.

etI

Subject

Connecting verb (KW )

Adjective

b/eT /

Example:

Interrogative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective) + b/eT /

etI	+	Subject	+	(KW )	+	Adjective	+	Particle (b/eT )
etI		RBwkenH		KW		RtCak'		b/eT /
is		This morning				cold
etI		;f9enH		KW		ek5A		b/eT /
is		Today				hot
etI		Kat'		KW		cit5l:		b/eT /
is		He				kind
etI		nag		KW		s:at		b/eT /
is		She				beautiful
etI		BYkeK		KW		q,at		b/eT /
are		They				clever
etI		xj?7		KW		Tab		b/eT /
am		I				short

Note:

The connecting verb (KW ) is not very important in the Interrogative sentence, it can be dropped and it still carries the same meaning in both spoken or written form.

Example:

Interrogative Sentence with Connecting Verb (KW ) + (Adjective) + b/eT /

etI	+	Subject	+	Adjective	+	Particle (b/eT )
etI		RBwkenH		RtCak'		b/eT /
is		This morning		cold
etI		;f9enH		ek5A		b/eT /
is		Today		hot
etI		Kat'		cit5l:		b/eT /
is		He		kind
etI		nag		s:at		b/eT /
is		She		beautiful
etI		BYkeK		q,at		b/eT /
are		They		clever
etI		xj?7		Tab		b/eT /
am		I		short