Pseudo Verb + NG-Phrase/Pronoun
This set of pseudo-verbs requires an agent (actor or doer of the action) that is a NG-phrase or a NG-pronoun. In other words, in sentences with this set of pseudo-verbs (gusto, ayaw, kailangan), the doer of the action is never in focus.
In a sentence with a
pseudo-verb, the word that comes before the main verb (if there is one) has to have the
linker -NG as a
suffix. The main verb in a sentence with a pseudo-verb is always in the infinitive form.
Also note that sentences with pseudo verbs sometimes do not have a focus.
The (actor) pronoun always comes after the pseudo-verb.
| GUSTO = like; want |
| Gusto kong manood ng sine. I want to watch a movie. |
| Gusto ko ang pansit na niluto mo. I like the noodles that you prepared. |
| Gustong matulog ng bata. The child wants to sleep. |
| AYAW = do not like; do not want |
| Ayaw kong pag-isipan ang sinabi mo. I don't want to think about the things you said. |
| Ayaw kong sumakay sa eroplano. I don't like travelling by plane. |
| Ayaw mag-aral ng estudyante. The student does not want to study. |
Let's take a close look at the following sentence from above:
| Ayaw | kong | sumakay | sa eroplano |
| Pseudo-Verb | Actor | Main Verb |
The word ayaw is the pseudo-verb. Notice that this verb is not marked for aspect or focus. You don't have to change it. The pseudo-verb ayaw is followed by the actor, which is the non-focused pronoun kong (I). Remember that the actor in this group of pseudo-verb sentences is always not in focus. Next, is the main verb sumakay (ride). This verb is in the infinitive form. Since pseudo-verbs tend to deal with general statements (such as what one likes or doesn't like, etc.), it sort of puts the sentence into a timeless, aspectless state. So it would make sense that the main verb would be in the infinitive form.
In this case the -UM- in sumakay is not indicating that the actor of the sentence is in focus. This is because of the rule that states that ayaw can never have a focused actor (notice that kong is unfocused). In fact, this sentence does not have a focus.
Extra Information: The special rule for these pseudo-verbs only affects the actor of the sentence. For example, if you choose to use the "actor focused" infinitive kumain in a pseudo-verb sentence, then you are forced to have an object that is not in focus e.g. ayaw kong kumain ng saging. If, on the other hand, you use the "object focused" infinitive kainin, you must have the object be in focus e.g. ayaw kong kainin ang saging.
| KAILANGAN = have to; must; should |
| Kailangan kong tapusin ang ginagawa ko. I have to finish what I'm doing. |
| Kailangan ko nang umalis. I have to go now. |
| Kailangang magluto ng kanin ni Pedro. Pedro has to cook some rice. |