Syntax

q   is a verb particle for past or present tense.  It precedes the question ending.

verb q la;
  verb particle question ending
Does (someone) verb?/ Is (something) adjective?

qU laqla;"   Does he come?

kYn\eta\ mHa;qla;"   Am I wrong?

ty\   is a positive sentence ending for past or past or present tense.

pf   as a verb particle is used for politeness.

verb pf ty\
  verb particle sentence ending
(Someone) verbs./ (Someone) is adjective.

qU lapfty\"   He comes.

Kc\bja; mHa;pfty\"   You are wrong.

 

m and BU;    sandwich verbs in negative statements.

m verb pf BU;
negative prefix   verb particle negative sentence ending
(Someone) does not verb./ (Someone) is not adjective.

qU mlapfBU;"   He does not come.

Kc\bja; mmHa;pfBU;"   You are not wrong.

 

la;   is added to negative statements to construct negative questions.

m verb BU; la;
negative prefix   negative sentence ending question ending
Does not someone verb?/  Is not someone adjective?

qU mlaBU;la;"   Does not he come?

Kc\bja; mmHa;BU;la"   Are not you wrong?

Note:  Use of the verb particle pf in negative questions is rare.